The paper considers ether as a dense inviscid compressible oscillating medium in the Euclidean three-dimensional space, given at each instant of time by the velocity vector of propagation of the ether density perturbations and satisfying the continuity equation and the ether momentum conservation law. It is shown that a generalized nonlinear system of Maxwell-Lorentz equations that is invariant with respect to Galileo transformations, the linearization of which leads to the classical system of Maxwell-Lorentz equations; laws of Biot-Savart-Laplace, Ampere, Coulomb; representations for Planck’s and fine structure constants are obtained from the system of the two ether equations as well as formulas for electron, proton and neutron, for which the calculated by formulas values of their internal energies, masses and magnetic moments coincide with an accuracy to fractions of a percent with their experimental values which are anomalous from the point of view of modern science. A concept of an ethereal theory of atom and atomic nucleus is presented, which makes it possible to answer many questions about the structure of atom, on which modern science is unable to answer.

Keywords: Ether, Maxwell-Lorentz equations, Ampère and Coulomb laws, Planck’s and fine structure constants, Proton, Electron, Neutron, Atomic nucleus.